(1) Metoden til at bekræfte, at den nederste ende af det dobbelte J-rør er i blæren under operationen:
① After the catheter is placed, there is resistance to gently pulling the catheter, and it retracts into the ureter quickly after releasing it.
②The catheter enters the back hole of the bladder and urine flows out.
③Inject methylene blue into the bladder, squeeze the lower abdomen, and blue liquid flows out from the side hole.
④ Intraoperative X-ray or cystoscopy confirmed.
(2) For at undgå forekomsten af komplikationer bør man også være opmærksom på:
①Choose different types and good quality double-J tubes according to different patients, and estimate the position and length of the upper or lower double-J tubes according to the position of the stones on the intravenous pyelogram before surgery.
② The No. 1 silk thread is sewn at the end of the double J tube. After the upward movement, the silk thread can be clamped by the cystoscope and the double J tube can be taken out, so as to avoid the pain and economic loss caused by the operation, ureteroscopy and other methods to the patient.
③ X-ray or B-ultrasound to understand the position of the double J tube, and adjust the position of the double J tube through the cystoscope if necessary.
④ Long-term placement of double-J tubes should be replaced regularly to avoid the formation of stones. Ask the patient to drink plenty of fluids to reduce urinary salt deposition.
Som konklusion, jo længere opholdstid det dobbelte J-kateter har, jo højere er forekomsten af komplikationer, så det bør fjernes i tide. Generelt er det indlagte rør 4 til 6 uger efter operationen. For dem, der virkelig har brug for et-langvarigt opholdsrør, bør det udskiftes hver 2. til 3. måned. Derudover er postoperativ opfølgning-også meget vigtig, intraoperativt indlagt dobbelt-J kateter er let at gå glip af-opfølgningen, og hvis opfølgningen- er ikke rettidigt, komplikationer eller komplicerede sten kan forårsage vanskeligheder med at fjerne kateteret, hvilket ikke kun øger de fysiske og økonomiske fordele for patienten.
Therefore, a strict follow-up system must be established: the operation records should be written with a built-in double-J tube; during the postoperative rounds, the patients and their families should be explained to the patients and their families that there are built-in double-J tubes, explaining the function and precautions ; The doctor's order in the discharge medical record should indicate the time of the follow-up visit and take the tube, and ask to drink more water.
